Pathology

Random Blood Sugar (RBS) test:

The Random Blood Sugar (RBS) test measures the glucose level in your blood at any given time of the day, regardless of when you last ate. It is a quick and easy way to check for high or low blood sugar levels, which may indicate health problems like diabetes.

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Blood Grouping

Blood grouping classifies blood based on the presence or absence of antigens on the surface of red blood cells. The most common system for this classification is the ABO system, which categorizes blood into four groups:, Group A: A antigen on the red cells and B antibody in the plasma., Group B: B antigen on the red cells and A antibody in the plasma., Group O: No A or B antigens on the red cells but both A and B antibodies in the plasma., Group AB: Both A and B antigens on the red cells and no A or B antibodies in the plasma.

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Rh Typing

Rh typing is another crucial blood test that determines the presence or absence of the Rh factor (also known as D antigen) on the surface of red blood cells. People can be:, Rh-positive (Rh+): If they have the D antigen., Rh-negative (Rh-): If they do not have the D antigen.

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Bleeding Time (BT) and Clotting Time (CT):

Bleeding Time: It is a medical test that measures the time it takes for a wound to stop bleeding. A prolonged bleeding time can indicate the presence of disorders that affect the clotting process. Hence, the test is commonly used to diagnose and monitor patients with bleeding disorders. The normal range for bleeding time is 2 to 7 minutes., Clotting Time: It measures how long blood can clot in a test tube. Normal clotting time is between 5 to 15 minutes. Extended clotting time may suggest a deficiency or dysfunction of coagulation factors, as seen in haemophilia, liver disease, or certain medications.

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A Complete Blood Picture (CBP) or Complete Blood Count (CBC):

It is a blood test that examines the types and quantities of cells in the blood, including RBCs, WBCs, and platelets. It helps identify various disorders and plays a crucial role in assessing overall health.

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Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) test:

It is a is a blood test that measures the rate at which red blood cells (erythrocytes) settle at the bottom of a test tube that contains a blood sample. Normally, red blood cells settle relatively slowly.

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Haemogram:

An haemogram, also known as a complete blood count (CBC), is a blood test that can identify a number of illnesses, such as leukemia, anemia, and infections. It also gives important information about general health.

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Peripheral Smear:

A Peripheral Smear, also known as a Peripheral Blood Smear, Blood Smear, or Blood Film is a lab procedure that examines blood cells under a microscope to detect and monitor blood disorders and diseases. It provides information about the size, shape, and number of different types of blood cells, including RBCs, WBCs, and platelets.

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Platelet count:

A blood test called a platelet count determines how many platelets are in your blood. Small, colourless cell fragments in your blood called platelets, commonly called thrombocytes, form clots to stop or prevent bleeding.

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Stool occult blood test:

The stool occult blood test detects hidden blood in the stool. It helps identify early indicators of gastrointestinal bleeding caused by various conditions, enabling early detection and treatment.

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Acute Leukemia Comprehensive Diagnostic Panel and Karyotyping:

The kind of leukemia is identified using the Acute Leukaemia Diagnostic Comprehensive Profile. This involves morphologically determining the bone marrow and then doing flow cytometry. An extended acute leukemia panel for lineage detection, karyotyping, and a FISH test for recurring genetic abnormalities are all included in the test profile.

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Ascitic fluid cell count:

The ascitic fluid cell count can help guide the differential diagnosis of a patient with ascites by measuring the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, and white cell differential.

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Bone marrow aspiration test:

A bone marrow aspiration test is a procedure to collect and examine bone marrow, which is crucial for diagnosing and monitoring various blood and marrow diseases, including cancer.

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Urine cytology test:

In a urine cytology test, a urine sample is examined under a microscope to check for the presence of abnormal cells. Urinary tract disorders, such as bladder cancer and various forms of urothelial carcinoma, are the main conditions for which this test is used to identify and track.

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Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC):

A diagnostic technique called Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) is used to look into tumors or masses in the body. This minimally invasive procedure entails taking tiny tissue or fluid samples from the questionable location with a thin, hollow needle so they can be examined under a microscope.

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Hemoglobin (Hb) and Packed Cell Volume (PCV):

The Hemoglobin (Hb) and Packed Cell Volume (PCV), also known as Hematocrit (HCT), tests are common blood tests that are part of a complete blood count (CBC). They are crucial for diagnosing and monitoring various conditions related to the blood and the body's oxygen-carrying capacity.

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Malarial Parasite Smear test:

Malarial Parasite Smear test, also known as a blood smear test for malaria, is a laboratory procedure used to diagnose malaria by detecting the presence of malaria parasites in the blood. Malaria is a life-threatening disease caused by Plasmodium parasites, which are transmitted to humans through the bites of infected Anopheles mosquitoes.

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Pleural fluid for cytology test:

Pleural fluid cytology is a diagnostic test that examines fluid around the lungs for abnormal cells, including cancer cells. It helps diagnose the cause of excess fluid in the pleural space and assess conditions like infections, malignancies, and other pleura diseases.

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Reticulocyte count:

The reticulocyte count measures the percentage of immature red blood cells in the blood, giving insight into the body's ability to produce red blood cells. This test helps diagnose and manage conditions that affect red blood cell production or loss.

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Sperm count test:

Semen analysis is a crucial diagnostic procedure for male fertility. It counts and analyzes sperm and semen to evaluate reproductive health. The test can identify infertility and check the success of a vasectomy.

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