Pneumonia
Pneumonia is a serious infection that affects the lungs. It causes the air sacs in your lungs (called alveoli) to fill with pus or fluid. This can make it hard to breathe and can lead to fever, cough, chest pain, and tiredness. Pneumonia can affect people of all ages, but it is more dangerous for small children, elderly people, and those with other health problems.
Before pneumonia treatment, doctors first try to find out what caused it. Pneumonia can be caused by:
Knowing the cause helps doctors decide which treatment will work best.
If bacteria are the cause, doctors prescribe antibiotics. These medicines kill the bacteria and help you get better. Some commonly used antibiotics for pneumonia include:
Most people start feeling better within 2–3 days, but it’s important to finish the full course of antibiotics.
If a virus is the cause, antibiotics won’t work. In some cases, antiviral medications for pneumonia are given, such as:
In many cases, viral pneumonia gets better on its own with rest and home care.
This is rare and usually seen in people with very low immunity. Doctors may prescribe medicines like:
These antifungal medicines for pneumonia are usually given in hospitals and may be needed for a long time.
No matter what causes pneumonia, certain pneumonia supportive therapy helps reduce symptoms and make recovery easier.
Some people with pneumonia may have low oxygen levels. In such cases, they may need oxygen through a mask or a tube in the nose. Very sick patients may need to stay in the ICU.
Medicines like paracetamol (acetaminophen) or ibuprofen help bring down fever and reduce pain.
Doctors may give expectorants to help loosen mucus and make coughing easier. But strong cough syrups that stop cough should be avoided unless your doctor recommends them.
You may need to stay in the hospital if you:
In the hospital, you may get fluids and antibiotics through a vein (IV), and your condition will be closely watched.
If your pneumonia is mild, or if you are recovering at home, these pneumonia treatments at home can help you feel better:
Water, soups, and herbal teas help loosen mucus and keep your body hydrated.
Your body needs energy to fight the infection. Get enough rest and sleep.
Breathing in steam from hot water (with or without eucalyptus oil) can help clear your nose and chest.
A warm cloth or hot water bottle on the chest may help reduce chest pain.
Eat light but nutritious meals. Warm liquids like turmeric milk or ginger tea may help soothe the throat and boost immunity.
Note: Home remedies should not replace medicines. Always follow your doctor’s advice.
Don’t wait too long to get help if you or someone you know has:
These are warning signs and may mean pneumonia is getting worse.
Children with pneumonia may breathe fast, cough a lot, or refuse to eat. They may also have chest pulling or noisy breathing. Some may need to be treated in the hospital.
Older adults may not have fever. Instead, they may feel weak, confused, or very sleepy. Because their immunity is weaker, they often need more care.
People with diabetes, cancer, kidney disease, or weak immune systems may get very sick with pneumonia. They need to start treatment quickly and may stay in the hospital longer.
Vaccines help prevent pneumonia. Important ones include:
Recovery depends on how bad the pneumonia was and your overall health.
To recover well:
Pneumonia can be scary, but with the right treatment, most people recover completely. The key is to get medical help early, take medicines as prescribed, and follow healthy habits. Whether it’s through antibiotics, antiviral medicines, or home care, there are many ways to fight pneumonia and get back to good health.
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